I was just about to subscribe to the Xbox game pass ultimate for 1 euro for 3 months.
After the 3 months for one euro, the subscription costs 12 euro per month. Can I cancel within the first 3 months so that I don't have to pay 12 euro?
Yes, that is possible. You just have to cancel in good time.
You can even cancel immediately upon completion. The 3 months are paid for and you can logically use them until the end.